{"id":4135,"date":"2022-09-16T12:07:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-16T12:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peacock.nu\/sin-categorizar\/como-funciona-una-central-nuclear\/"},"modified":"2023-01-24T13:11:11","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T13:11:11","slug":"como-funciona-una-central-nuclear","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peacock.nu\/es\/blog-es\/como-funciona-una-central-nuclear\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona una central nuclear?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

El debate sobre la existencia o no de la energ\u00eda nuclear parece no acabar nunca. Ya en 1980 se celebr\u00f3 una votaci\u00f3n en Suecia sobre esta cuesti\u00f3n. Como resultado, el Parlamento decidi\u00f3 que todos los reactores deb\u00edan desmantelarse antes de 2010.<\/p>\n\n

Esto no ha sucedido: hoy hay seis reactores activos, en Forsmark, Oskarshamn y Ringhals. Son de dos tipos diferentes: reactores de agua a presi\u00f3n y reactores de agua en ebullici\u00f3n. Ambos funcionan con el mismo principio b\u00e1sico: el agua se calienta para accionar una turbina y un generador y producir electricidad.<\/p>\n\n

Explicaci\u00f3n sencilla del funcionamiento de una central nuclear<\/h2>\n\n

Pero volvamos a la pregunta del d\u00eda: \u00ab\u00bfc\u00f3mo funciona una central nuclear?\u00bb. Por supuesto, hay una complicada f\u00edsica detr\u00e1s si se entra en los detalles. Pero para los profanos en la materia tambi\u00e9n es posible describirlo brevemente, a grandes rasgos o paso a paso, si se quiere:<\/p>\n\n

  1. El uranio enriquecido se irradia con neutrones.<\/li>
  2. Los \u00e1tomos del uranio se dividen en dos debido a la irradiaci\u00f3n.<\/li>
  3. La fisi\u00f3n crea nuevos neutrones, que a su vez fisionan otros \u00e1tomos de uranio: una reacci\u00f3n en cadena.<\/li>
  4. Para evitar que la reacci\u00f3n en cadena explote de forma descontrolada, se controla mediante las llamadas barras de control que pueden bajarse al n\u00facleo del reactor. Consisten en sustancias que capturan grandes cantidades de neutrones. Esto mantiene la reacci\u00f3n nuclear bajo control.<\/li>
  5. La fisi\u00f3n de los \u00e1tomos de uranio libera grandes cantidades de calor. Se utiliza para calentar agua y producir vapor.<\/li>
  6. A su vez, el vapor caliente acciona una turbina con un generador.<\/li>
  7. Es \u00e9ste, el generador de la central nuclear, el que en \u00faltima instancia produce la electricidad que usted desea. El generador convierte el giro de las palas de la turbina en electricidad mediante la rotaci\u00f3n de imanes en el interior de las bobinas. La rotaci\u00f3n a 3.000 rpm genera una frecuencia de 50 Hz, que es la utilizada en las redes el\u00e9ctricas europeas.<\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    El debate sobre la existencia o no de la energ\u00eda nuclear parece no acabar nunca. Ya en 1980 se celebr\u00f3 una votaci\u00f3n en Suecia sobre esta cuesti\u00f3n. Como resultado, el…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1479,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[110],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-es"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona una central nuclear? - Peacock<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/peacock.nu\/es\/blog-es\/como-funciona-una-central-nuclear\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona una central nuclear? - Peacock\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El debate sobre la existencia o no de la energ\u00eda nuclear parece no acabar nunca. 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